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Jul 19, 2022 - Default    No Comments

早期教會如何實行洗禮？

Didache《十二使徒遺訓》(希臘語: “Teaching”)，又被稱為 “十二使徒的教導” (Teaching of the Twelve Apostles)，是現存最早的基督教教會規範手冊 (church order)，可能在 埃及 或 敘利亞 成書於 第一世紀末 或 第二世紀初；作者不詳；共十六章，分為三部分。
根據記載，洗禮可以通過完全浸入一條河中或其他 “活水” 中進行，或者只需將水倒在頭上三遍即可。 兩種形式都是有效的，並視情況而定。“按這裡的推論，初期教會是施行浸禮的，但也容許澆灌。這兩種洗禮方式，早於第二世紀已經存在了。”
《十二使徒遺訓》
“關於洗禮，要這樣施洗：事先解釋完這些之後，就在活水裡，奉父、子、聖靈的名施洗。但如果你沒有活水，就施洗在別的水裡；如果你不能用冷水，就用暖水。但如果你兩樣都沒有，就奉父、子、聖靈的名，把水三次倒在頭上。但在洗禮之前，讓施洗的人、受洗的人、以及其他人一同禁食；然而你要命令那受洗的人禁食一兩天。” (第七章，洗禮)
“And concerning baptism, baptize this way: Having first said all these things, baptize into the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, in living water. But if you have not living water, baptize into other water; and if you can not in cold, in warm. But if you have not either, pour out water thrice upon the head into the name of Father and Son and Holy Spirit. But before the baptism let the baptizer fast, and the baptized, and whatever others can; but you shall order the baptized to fast one or two days before.” (Didache, Chapter 7, Concerning Baptism)
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Jul 13, 2022 - Default    No Comments

Jan Hus 約翰·胡斯

The Voice of the Martyrs
On this day in 1415, theologian and reformer Jan Hus was martyred. His accusers made it clear at his trial that Hus would not only die, but that they planned for him to die without hope. “We take from you the cup of redemption,” the prosecutors solemnly intoned before sentencing him. But Hus replied, “I trust in the Lord God almighty … that He will not take away from me the cup of His redemption, but I firmly hope to drink from it today in His kingdom.”
1415年七月六日，神學改革家 Jan Hus (約翰· 胡斯) 殉道。控告他的人們在他受審理的時候就明確地表示他不僅會死，而且他們要讓他死得沒有指望。檢察官們在宣判之前嚴肅地對他說：”我們把救贖的杯從你撤去。” 但胡斯的回答是：”我相信主—全能的上帝…祂不會從我手中奪走祂的救贖之杯，而且我堅定地期待今日在祂的國里喝這杯。”
尋求真理，聆聽真理
學習真理，熱愛真理
傳講真理，持守真理
並捍衛真理直到死亡
Jun 27, 2022 - Default    No Comments

反對 同性戀 Homosexuality 的經文

利 18:22 “不可與男人苟合, 像與女人一樣, 這本是可憎惡的.”
Lev. 18:22 “You shall not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination.”

利 20:13 “人若與男人苟合, 像與女人一樣, 他們二人行了可憎的事, 總要把他們治死, 罪要歸到他們身上.”
Lev. 20:13 “If a man lies with a male as with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination; they shall surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.”

林前 6:9-10 “…無論是淫亂的、拜偶像的、姦淫的、做孌童的、親男色的…都不能承受神的國.”
1 Cor. 6:9-10 “…neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor homosexuals…will inherit the kingdom of God.”

提前 1:8-11 “…淫亂的、親男色的、拐帶人口的…”
1 Tim. 1:8-11 “…for the sexually immoral, homosexuals, slave traders…”

Jun 16, 2022 - Default    No Comments

Hebrews 希伯來書的作者是誰？

優西比烏 (Eusebius) 在《教會史》(Ecclesiastical History 6.14.2-3) 提到：早期教父 “亞歷山大的革利免” (Clement of Alexandria, c. 150-215) 說《希伯來書》的作者是保羅用希伯來語寫成，再由路加 (Luke) 細心翻譯成希臘文。

“Both Clement of Alexandria (革利免, c. AD 150 – 215) and Origen (俄利根, AD 185 – 253) claimed a Pauline association for the book but recognized that Paul himself probably did not put pen to paper for this book, even though they did not know the author’s name. Clement of Alexandria suggests that Paul wrote the book originally in Hebrew and that Luke translated it into Greek, though the Greek of Hebrews bears no resemblance to translation Greek (e.g., that of the Septuagint).” (https://zondervanacademic.com/blog/who-wrote-the-book-of-hebrews)

Eusebius, Hist. Eccl. 6.14.2-3, citing Clement’s Hypotyposes
2. He (Clement) says that the Epistle to the Hebrews is the work of Paul, and that it was written to the Hebrews in the Hebrew language; but that Luke translated it carefully and published it for the Greeks, and hence the same style of expression is found in this epistle and in the Acts.
3. But he says that the words, Paul the Apostle, were probably not prefixed, because, in sending it to the Hebrews, who were prejudiced and suspicious of him, he wisely did not wish to repel them at the very beginning by giving his name.
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