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What are the different types of prayer?
The Bible reveals many types of prayers and employs a variety of words to describe the practice. For example, 1 Timothy 2:1 says, “First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people.” Here, all four of the main Greek words used for prayer are mentioned in one verse.
Here are the main types of prayers in the Bible:
The prayer of faith: James 5:15 says, “And the prayer of faith will save the one who is sick, and the Lord will raise him up.” In this context, prayer is offered in faith for someone who is sick, asking God to heal. When we pray, we are to believe in the power and goodness of God (Mark 9:23).
The prayer of agreement (also known as corporate prayer): After Jesus’ ascension, the disciples “all joined together constantly in prayer” (Acts 1:14). Later, after Pentecost, the early church “devoted themselves” to prayer (Acts 2:42). Their example encourages us to pray with others.
The prayer of request (or supplication): We are to take our requests to God. Philippians 4:6 teaches, “Do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.” Part of winning the spiritual battle is to be “praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication” (Ephesians 6:18).
The prayer of thanksgiving: We see another type of prayer in Philippians 4:5: thanksgiving or thanks to God. “With thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.” Many examples of thanksgiving prayers can be found in the Psalms.
The prayer of worship: The prayer of worship is similar to the prayer of thanksgiving. The difference is that worship focuses on who God is; thanksgiving focuses on what God has done. Church leaders in Antioch prayed in this manner with fasting: “While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, ‘Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.’ Then after fasting and praying they laid their hands on them and sent them off” (Acts 13:2-3).
The prayer of consecration: Sometimes, prayer is a time of setting ourselves apart to follow God’s will. Jesus made such a prayer the night before His crucifixion: “And going a little farther he fell on his face and prayed, saying, ‘My Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as you will’” (Matthew 26:39).
The prayer of intercession: Many times, our prayers include requests for others as we intercede for them. We are told to make intercession “for everyone” in 1 Timothy 2:1. Jesus serves as our example in this area. The whole of John 17 is a prayer of Jesus on behalf of His disciples and all believers.
The prayer of imprecation 詛咒: Imprecatory prayers are found in the Psalms (e.g., 7, 55, 69). They are used to invoke God’s judgment on the wicked and thereby avenge the righteous. The psalmists use this type of appeal to emphasize the holiness of God and the surety of His judgment. Jesus teaches us to pray for blessing on our enemies, not cursing (Matthew 5:44-48).
The Bible also speaks of praying in the Spirit (1 Corinthians 14:14-15) and prayers when we are unable to think of adequate words (Romans 8:26-27). In those times, the Spirit Himself makes intercession for us.
Prayer is conversation with God and should be made without ceasing (1 Thessalonians 5:16-18). As we grow in our love for Jesus Christ, we will naturally desire to talk to Him.
二、聖經根據
1. 三位一體這個詞並沒有在聖經中出現,那麼這個教導有何聖經根據呢?
聖經的教導才是我們最可靠的根據。聖經雖然沒有直接宣告三位一體的教義,但這觀念卻很清楚在整本聖經中歸納表達出來。舊約聖經強調神的獨一性,對三位一體只有暗示。新約聖經卻是很清楚地把三位格完全的神性和三位格之間互相的區別啟示出來:
(1) 舊約的暗示
舊約聖經強調神的獨一性,故我們只能隱約看到一些三位一體的痕迹。請查考創世記一章廿六節;三章廿二節;十一章七節,其中神用“我們”這個複數代名詞自稱。
在創世記十六章七至十三節“耶和華的使者”與“耶和華”是一樣的。但是撒迦利亞書一章十二節中,“耶和華的使者”與“耶和華”卻是有區別的。
在以賽亞書六十三章七至十節中,“耶和華”、“祂面前的使者”(即上述的“耶和華的使者”)和“主的聖靈”同在一段經文中。其中的耶和華是賜恩給人,作人的救主,與人同受苦的神。而祂面前的使者則是拯救人、救贖人、養育人的角色。主的聖靈則為人擔憂。舊約的三重祝福不能證明神的三一性,但可看作一個暗示,因為我們看不出有什麼其他原因為何祭司要用三重祝福,而不是用其他數目的方式祝福。
(2) 新約的啟示
新約聖經強調神清楚啟示三位一體的真理,例如:約翰福音六章廿七節指向聖父,使徒行傳五章三至四節指向聖靈,而希伯來書一章八節指向聖子。
同時,在馬太福音三章十六至十七節,路加福音一章卅五節及約翰福音十四章十六至十七節中,則聖父、聖子和聖靈同時出現在這三段經文中,給我們看到三者不是三個不同時期所表現的形態。