Jul 19, 2022 - Default    No Comments

早期教会如何实行洗礼？

Didache《十二使徒遗训》(希腊语: “Teaching”)，又被称为 “十二使徒的教导” (Teaching of the Twelve Apostles)，是现存最早的基督教教会规范手册 (church order)，可能在 埃及 或 叙利亚 成书于 第一世纪末 或 第二世纪初；作者不详；共十六章，分为三部分。
根据记载，洗礼可以通过完全浸入一条河中或其他 “活水” 中进行，或者只需将水倒在头上三遍即可。 两种形式都是有效的，并视情况而定。“按这里的推论，初期教会是施行浸礼的，但也容许浇灌。这两种洗礼方式，早于第二世纪已经存在了。”
《十二使徒遗训》
“关于洗礼，要这样施洗：事先解释完这些之后，就在活水里，奉父、子、圣灵的名施洗。但如果你没有活水，就施洗在别的水里；如果你不能用冷水，就用暖水。但如果你两样都没有，就奉父、子、圣灵的名，把水三次倒在头上。但在洗礼之前，让施洗的人、受洗的人、以及其他人一同禁食；然而你要命令那受洗的人禁食一两天。” (第七章，洗礼)
“And concerning baptism, baptize this way: Having first said all these things, baptize into the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, in living water. But if you have not living water, baptize into other water; and if you can not in cold, in warm. But if you have not either, pour out water thrice upon the head into the name of Father and Son and Holy Spirit. But before the baptism let the baptizer fast, and the baptized, and whatever others can; but you shall order the baptized to fast one or two days before.” (Didache, Chapter 7, Concerning Baptism)
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Jul 13, 2022 - Default    No Comments

Jan Hus 约翰·胡斯

The Voice of the Martyrs
On this day in 1415, theologian and reformer Jan Hus was martyred. His accusers made it clear at his trial that Hus would not only die, but that they planned for him to die without hope. “We take from you the cup of redemption,” the prosecutors solemnly intoned before sentencing him. But Hus replied, “I trust in the Lord God almighty … that He will not take away from me the cup of His redemption, but I firmly hope to drink from it today in His kingdom.”
1415年七月六日，神学改革家 Jan Hus (约翰· 胡斯) 殉道。控告他的人们在他受审理的时候就明确地表示他不仅会死，而且他们要让他死得没有指望。检察官们在宣判之前严肃地对他说：”我们把救赎的杯从你撤去。” 但胡斯的回答是：”我相信主—全能的上帝…祂不会从我手中夺走祂的救赎之杯，而且我坚定地期待今日在祂的国里喝这杯。”
寻求真理，聆听真理
学习真理，热爱真理
传讲真理，持守真理
并捍卫真理直到死亡
Jun 27, 2022 - Default    No Comments

反对 同性恋 Homosexuality 的经文

利 18:22 “不可与男人苟合, 像与女人一样, 这本是可憎恶的.”
Lev. 18:22 “You shall not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination.”

利 20:13 “人若与男人苟合, 像与女人一样, 他们二人行了可憎的事, 总要把他们治死, 罪要归到他们身上.”
Lev. 20:13 “If a man lies with a male as with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination; they shall surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.”

林前 6:9-10 “…无论是淫乱的、拜偶像的、奸淫的、做娈童的、亲男色的…都不能承受神的国.”
1 Cor. 6:9-10 “…neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor homosexuals…will inherit the kingdom of God.”

提前 1:8-11 “…淫乱的、亲男色的、拐带人口的…”
1 Tim. 1:8-11 “…for the sexually immoral, homosexuals, slave traders…”

Jun 16, 2022 - Default    No Comments

Hebrews 希伯来书的作者是谁？

优西比乌 (Eusebius) 在《教会史》(Ecclesiastical History 6.14.2-3) 提到：早期教父 “亚历山大的革利免” (Clement of Alexandria, c. 150-215) 说《希伯来书》的作者是保罗用希伯来语写成，再由路加 (Luke) 细心翻译成希腊文。

“Both Clement of Alexandria (革利免, c. AD 150 – 215) and Origen (俄利根, AD 185 – 253) claimed a Pauline association for the book but recognized that Paul himself probably did not put pen to paper for this book, even though they did not know the author’s name. Clement of Alexandria suggests that Paul wrote the book originally in Hebrew and that Luke translated it into Greek, though the Greek of Hebrews bears no resemblance to translation Greek (e.g., that of the Septuagint).” (https://zondervanacademic.com/blog/who-wrote-the-book-of-hebrews)

Eusebius, Hist. Eccl. 6.14.2-3, citing Clement’s Hypotyposes
2. He (Clement) says that the Epistle to the Hebrews is the work of Paul, and that it was written to the Hebrews in the Hebrew language; but that Luke translated it carefully and published it for the Greeks, and hence the same style of expression is found in this epistle and in the Acts.
3. But he says that the words, Paul the Apostle, were probably not prefixed, because, in sending it to the Hebrews, who were prejudiced and suspicious of him, he wisely did not wish to repel them at the very beginning by giving his name.
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